What Men Live By

Tolstoy’s story makes use of many traditional elements of parables, such as the straightforward tone and didactic message. How does this style support the story’s message? Why would Tolstoy write the story in this style?

Material wealth is a constant concern for the characters, often interfering with their conscience. Simon and Matryona’s concerns over their lack of material wealth almost keep them from helping Michael, the gentleman’s concern for his vast wealth leads him to behave tyrannically, and the twins’ adoptive mother seems almost completely unconcerned with such matters. Compare and contrast these different portrayals of greed and selflessness. How do they support Tolstoy’s message?

“What Men Live By” has a specific message it wants to impart. Identify the thesis of the story. Does the story successfully portray its message? Identify three literary strategies the story uses to teach readers its meaning.